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Editing Passes

The following are the six main passes made while editing a final project: Construct the primary audio narrative: Insert sound bites, narration, and voiceover from the start to the end of the timeline.   Insert B-Roll and natural sound: Now that the primary audio is there, you can start at the beginning of the timeline and add B-Roll and natural sound.   Insert titles and graphics: Next you can insert lower-thirds and graphics.   Add sound effects and music: Now that the basic structure is complete, sound effects and music can be added.  If you're constructing a music video, the song must be added earlier so that the beat of the song can be used for timing of the video clips. Add transitions and effects: Once all of the clips have been added into the timeline and in their proper locations, you can begin adding transitions and effects.     Finishing touches: The final step is to adjust the placement of the clips and the timing of transitions, titles, and effects.  Sometimes
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Definition of Types of Sound

The following are definitions of types of sound: Sound Bites - short segments of a longer interview or speech that is inserted into a video program or news package. Stand Ups (as related to broadcast news production) -   when a reporter appears in front of the camera to narrate part of a story – most often at the beginning to set  up  the story, or at the very end. Narration - the process of narrating a story; commentary accompanying a movie. Natural Sound (Atmosphere or Ambient Sound) - refers to the background sounds. F oley - the recorded sound effects post-shoot.
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Camera Angles

The following are photos I've taken that exemplify different camera angles.   Establishing shot Wide shot Medium shot Close-Up Extreme Close-up Over the shoulder shot Proper lead-room (or nose-room) Proper headroom Bird's eye view High Angle Neutral Angle Low Angle Worm's view
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Three Point Lighting Principle

     Three point lighting is ideal for single subject interviews.  Often called triangle lighting, it contains three lights around the subject that arm an isosceles triangle.  All three lights shine down on the subject at 45 degree angles.      The main light is called the Key Light.  It's the brightest one out of all three.  It shines directly on the subject from the front.  The Fill Light is at an opposite angle to the key light shining on the front of the subject.  It removes falloff and softens shadows created by the key light.  The backlight helps make the subject stand out from the background and adds focus to the silhouette of the subject's hair and shoulders.
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The 180 Rule

The 180 Rule insists that two characters in a scene or interview should stay on the same side of each other throughout the interview.  Therefore there's an invisible line running between the subjects which the camera can not cross.  The cameras must remain on one side of the line (which brings the name 180 rule because it is a 180 degree half circle that the cameras must remain in) so that the person on the left stays on the left and the person on the right stays on the right.  It would be confusing to watch an interview with the people seeming to switch places whenever it cut to a different camera angle.
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10 Tips for Shooting Effective Interviews

    The top ten tips for shooting effective interviews (according to Multimedia Foundations by Vic Costello) are: Position the camera, interviewer, and interviewee at eye level in relation to one another. Don't  place the interviewee directly against a wall. Don't place the interviewee in front of a window. Avoid swivel chairs. Follow the rule of thirds - place the subject to the right or left of center. Have the subject look slightly off axis to the camera- never directly head on. Place the interviewer as close to the left or right side of the camera as possible. Switch between using each side of the camera when shooting the interviewer. Don't use distracting background mergers and clutter. Check on the audio and video recording at the beginning of the interview and throughout to avoid a mess-up.        Even though I have ever shot or participated in an interview before, I have watched quite a few on YouTube.  As a viewer, the top five most importan
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Field of View Variables

Four important variables to consider when composing your field of view are: Camera Location - The point of view (the position of the camera in relation to the subject) is obviously essential to the shot.  The physical location  needs to be paid careful attention to because it determines what is or isn't in the shot. Camera Angle - the angle of the camera is important because it influences the message of the shot and exaggerates different things in the photograph. Subject Location - this is not always up to the photographer but is just as essential to the shot.  The pose and also the landscape around the subject effect the image greatly.   Focal Length - this is the lens found on camcorders that gives you latitude to adjust your framing.  This helps zooming in and out and to adjust the frame and framing the subject.  
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