Sarah's Digital Media

The following are the six main passes made while editing a final project: Construct the primary audio narrative: Insert sound bites, narration, and voiceover from the start to the end of the timeline.   Insert B-Roll and natural sound: Now that the primary audio is there, you can start at the beginning of the timeline and add B-Roll and natural sound.   Insert titles and graphics: Next you can insert lower-thirds and graphics.   Add sound effects and music: Now that the basic structure is complete, sound effects and music can be added.  If you're constructing a music video, the song must be added earlier so that the beat of the song can be used for timing of the video clips. Add transitions and effects: Once all of the clips have been added into the timeline and in their proper locations, you can begin adding transitions and effects.     Finishing touches: The final step is to adjust the placement of the clips and the timing of transitions, titles, and effects.  Sometimes

The following are definitions of types of sound: Sound Bites - short segments of a longer interview or speech that is inserted into a video program or news package. Stand Ups (as related to broadcast news production) -   when a reporter appears in front of the camera to narrate part of a story – most often at the beginning to set  up  the story, or at the very end. Narration - the process of narrating a story; commentary accompanying a movie. Natural Sound (Atmosphere or Ambient Sound) - refers to the background sounds. F oley - the recorded sound effects post-shoot.

The following are photos I've taken that exemplify different camera angles.   Establishing shot Wide shot Medium shot Close-Up Extreme Close-up Over the shoulder shot Proper lead-room (or nose-room) Proper headroom Bird's eye view High Angle Neutral Angle Low Angle Worm's view

     Three point lighting is ideal for single subject interviews.  Often called triangle lighting, it contains three lights around the subject that arm an isosceles triangle.  All three lights shine down on the subject at 45 degree angles.      The main light is called the Key Light.  It's the brightest one out of all three.  It shines directly on the subject from the front.  The Fill Light is at an opposite angle to the key light shining on the front of the subject.  It removes falloff and softens shadows created by the key light.  The backlight helps make the subject stand out from the background and adds focus to the silhouette of the subject's hair and shoulders.

The 180 Rule insists that two characters in a scene or interview should stay on the same side of each other throughout the interview.  Therefore there's an invisible line running between the subjects which the camera can not cross.  The cameras must remain on one side of the line (which brings the name 180 rule because it is a 180 degree half circle that the cameras must remain in) so that the person on the left stays on the left and the person on the right stays on the right.  It would be confusing to watch an interview with the people seeming to switch places whenever it cut to a different camera angle.

    The top ten tips for shooting effective interviews (according to Multimedia Foundations by Vic Costello) are: Position the camera, interviewer, and interviewee at eye level in relation to one another. Don't  place the interviewee directly against a wall. Don't place the interviewee in front of a window. Avoid swivel chairs. Follow the rule of thirds - place the subject to the right or left of center. Have the subject look slightly off axis to the camera- never directly head on. Place the interviewer as close to the left or right side of the camera as possible. Switch between using each side of the camera when shooting the interviewer. Don't use distracting background mergers and clutter. Check on the audio and video recording at the beginning of the interview and throughout to avoid a mess-up.        Even though I have ever shot or participated in an interview before, I have watched quite a few on YouTube.  As a viewer, the top five most importan

Four important variables to consider when composing your field of view are: Camera Location - The point of view (the position of the camera in relation to the subject) is obviously essential to the shot.  The physical location  needs to be paid careful attention to because it determines what is or isn't in the shot. Camera Angle - the angle of the camera is important because it influences the message of the shot and exaggerates different things in the photograph. Subject Location - this is not always up to the photographer but is just as essential to the shot.  The pose and also the landscape around the subject effect the image greatly.   Focal Length - this is the lens found on camcorders that gives you latitude to adjust your framing.  This helps zooming in and out and to adjust the frame and framing the subject.  

In what scenario should the following microphones be used? Handheld A handheld microphone is best for performers or news reporters.  They can easily handle the microphone, and it can capture their voice accurately, while avoiding picking up background noises. Lavalier The lavalier microphone is ideal for speakers who talk with their hands or hold props while talking, and therefore can not hold a microphone.  These also work great for actors who need their microphone hidden. Shotgun This type of microphone is best for filming a movie scene, positioned over people having a conversation. Boundary (or table) mic These microphones are often set on tables in podcasts or sit down style youtube videos.  Not only are they incredible effective, but also quite efficient because you can plug them into a laptop USB to easily record audio.

1.  Why should you use an external microphone? You should use a professional-grade external microphone instead of the one built into the recording device for the following four reasons: You can select the best type of microphone from a vast assortment of professional microphones  to fit the recording setting, subject, and application. You will have greater control over the placement of the microphone and its proximity to the subject, irrespective of where he sound or video recording device is located. All things being equal, a professional external microphone will have better sound recording specs than the built-in microphone attached to your device. Professional external microphones use a blanked XLR connector, which is better for reducing RF interference and other types of transmission noise. 2. What are the two ways to monitor your audio recording?  measuring sound intensity and setting the record levels listening to the audio signal as it is being recorded